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United Kingdom
LawCurrent (phased commencement)· Ofcom

2023 c. 50

Online Safety Act 2023

Prepared by Shubhank Suman · Last reviewed

CURRENT (phased commencement)

Legal character
Statute
Region
Europe

What it covers

The Act defines regulated user-to-user and search services, including services outside the UK with links to the UK. Part 3 imposes duties of care: illegal content risk assessments and safety duties, children's risk assessments and safety duties, content reporting and complaints, freedom of expression and privacy duties, and extra duties for categorised services. It covers pornography providers' age-assurance duties, Ofcom's codes of practice, information powers, fees and enforcement, and creates offences such as false and threatening communications, cyberflashing and sharing intimate images.

Why it matters

It is the UK's main platform-regulation law, with fines up to £18 million or 10% of qualifying worldwide revenue, whichever is greater.

Refer to it when

Use it for duties of online platforms or search services with UK users, age assurance, children's online safety or the online communications offences.

AI, privacy and cybersecurity relevance

  • AI: Moderate
  • Privacy: Moderate
  • Cyber: Low

AI

MODERATE RELEVANCE

Covers AI-generated content and chatbots on regulated services.

Privacy

MODERATE RELEVANCE

Privacy duties and age assurance involve users' personal data.

Cybersecurity

LOW RELEVANCE

Focuses on content harms, not network security.

Applicability

Providers of user-to-user, search and pornography services with links to the UK.

Current validity

CURRENT. Royal Assent 26 October 2023; duties apply in phases as Ofcom codes come into force. Read the official PDF on this page for the operative text.

Read first

Sections 1-5 → Part 3 Chapter 2 (user-to-user duties) → Part 5 → Part 7.

Provisions / sections covered

Part 2 – Key definitions

User-to-user service, search service and regulated service (sections 3-5).

Part 3 – Duties of care

Illegal content and children's safety duties, reporting, complaints and record-keeping.

Part 5 – Pornography providers

Duties to prevent children encountering regulated pornographic content.

Part 7 – Ofcom's powers

Information powers, enforcement and penalties.

Part 10 – Communications offences

False, threatening and intimate-image offences.

Subject-matter tags

  • Children's data
  • Enforcement and penalties

Subject-matter tags describe what the indexed text discusses. They are not legal conclusions.

Related instruments in this library

Document page in the Knowledge Base - full text or PDF where it is available for this record.

This library locates primary and official sources. It does not interpret the law and it is not legal advice.